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Researchers at the University of California, Santa Barbara, have shown that removing or inactivating a key gene can disarm bacteria and prevent it from starting an infection. The discovery could lead to powerful new vaccines and antibiotics. The team uncovered, the salmonella DAM gene, a genetic master switch that controls bacterial infection, when it is knocked out, the bacterium is completely disabled in its ability to cause disease. The DAM deficient bacteria also acted like a vaccine, causing the mouse's immune system to make antibodies that would attack salmonella. The theory is yet to be confirmed with humans.
Source: Science, May 10, 1999
Hybritech has developed a test known as hK2 which measures the human kallikrein 2 enzyme and may offer a cheaper and less invasive way to determine their risk for prostate cancer, when combined with PSA. A study conducted by Dr. William J. Catalona, a professor of urologic surgery at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis has shown that the two tests also catch cancers earlier than the traditional timetable for biopsies.
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